UKUVELA KWEGENOME
indalo
UNXIBELELWANO
Ulandelelwano lweGenome lubonisa iindlela zokusasazeka kwehlabathi kwaye zicebisa ukuguqulwa kofuzo oluguquguqukayo kwi-seahorse evolution
PacBio |Ilumina |Hi-C |WGS |Ukwahluka kwemfuza |Imbali yeDemographic |Ukuhamba kweGene
Ukulandelelana kwePacbio, indibano ye-genome de novo kunye neenkonzo zenkcazo zibonelelwe yi-Biomarker Technologies.
Iimbalasane
1.Umgangatho ophezulu we-chromosome-level seahorse (Hippocampus erectus) genome ene-contig N50 ye-15.5 Mb yafunyanwa.
2.Itotali yama-358 eejenomes ezisuka kwihlabathi jikelele ezingama-21 eentlobo zamahashe olwandle ziye zaphinde zalandelelwa.
3.Iinqanawa zolwandle eziye zavela emva kwexesha le-Oligocene kunye neendlela ezalandelayo ze-colonization ye-global colonization zichongiwe kwaye zanxulunyaniswa nokutshintsha kokutshintsha kwemisinga yolwandle kunye nokuvuleka kwemijelo yolwandle e-paleotemporal.
I-4.Isiseko sofuzo se-"bony spines" eqhubekayo ye-phenotype idibaniswa nokutshintshwa okuzimeleyo kwi-gene yophuhliso oluphambili.
5.IRafting ngokusebenzisa imisinga yolwandle ibuyekeza ukusasazwa okulambathayo kwaye ukuziqhelanisa ngokukhawuleza kuququzelela ukwakhiwa kweendawo zokuhlala ezintsha.
Impumelelo
Umzobo 1 iyantlukwano yeGenetic kunye nobudlelwane bephylogenetic be-358 seahorse specimens
aIindawo zesampulu zejografi zamahashe olwandle asampula aneepateni zokwahlukana kwe-nucleotide (π) yeentlobo zamahashe olwandle angama-21 kwiichromosomes ezingama-22.b Umthi odityanisiweyo owakhiwe nge-genome-wide-wide SNPs of 358 seahorses.Iisimboli zephini yendawo (a) kunye nemvelaphi yesebe kwi (b) ziyahambelana.
Umzobo 2 Ubukoloniyali kunye nembali yoluntu yamahashe olwandle
aUmthi we-Phylogenetic kunye nexesha lokwahlukana uqikelelo lweentlobo ezingama-21 zamahashe olwandle.Ubukhulu bomgca wesebe buhambelana noqikelelo lwesayizi yabemi (Ne) kunye nemibala ibonisa imigca eyahlukeneyo.Iisimboli I–III zibonisa amanqaku olungelelwaniso.b–d Iindlela eziqikelelweyo zekoloniyali (iintolo ezinemibala) zamahashe olwandle ngokusekwe kwixesha leyantlukwano, usasazo, iziganeko zendalo, kunye nemisinga yolwandle (iintolo ezimhlophe).b I-Indo-Australian Archipelago yayiliziko lemvelaphi (ukuphawulwa okubomvu) kohlobo lwe-Hippocampus phambi kokuba iintlanzi zolwandle zahlukane kwaye zisasazwe kwihlabathi liphela 18–23 Ma.c I-Seahorses ekuqaleni yenze ithanga kuLwandlekazi lweAtlantiki ngokuvula indlela yolwandle iTethyan, eyathi, emva kokuvalwa kwayo (iSigigaba seTerminal ngo-7–13 Ma), yayahlula le mnombo weTethyan kumnombo wodade wabo woLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya.Eyokugqibela, eyathi emva koko yahlukana ngokukhawuleza (uphawu olutyheli) kuLwandle lwaseArabia, yaseka iziko lesibini lolwahlulo lwamahashe olwandle.d Isiganeko sesibini sokwenziwa kwamathanga olwandle kuLwandlekazi lweAtlantiki senzeka kuLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya malunga ne-5Ma ngokudlula incam yoMzantsi Afrika, saze safika kuLwandlekazi lwaseMpuma yePasifiki ngendlela esavulekileyo yolwandle iPanama malunga ne-3.6 Ma.
Umzobo 3 Ukuhamba kwemfuza kunye nokuguquguquka kubungakanani babemi obusebenzayo
aUkuqukuqela kwemfuza kuchongiwe phakathi kwezidalwa ezihlala kuLwandlekazi lweAtlantiki eseMzantsi.Ukuhamba kweGene kuboniswa kufutshane nemigca emhlophe njengesantya sokufuduka esithathwa yi-G-PhoCS.Ukutyeba kunye necala leentolo zihambelana namazinga kunye necala lokuhamba kwejini, ngokulandelelanayo.b Ukuguquguquka kobungakanani boluntu olusebenzayo yi-PSMC.Umgca ongu-x umele ixesha kwiminyaka ephambi kwangoku ngelixa umgca ongu-y umele ubungakanani babemi obusebenzayo.Iitshathi zicwangciswe ikakhulu ngokusasazwa kwejografi kuhlobo ngalunye lweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuhambisa.c Ukutshintsha komgangatho wolwandle kwisithuba esisisigidi seminyaka edlulileyo kwiimitha33.Umgca otyheli ubonisa incopho yokugqibela yehlabathi yomkhenkce ngelixa i-cyan shade ibonisa ixesha lokugqibela lomkhenkce.
Umzobo 4 Ukuguquka kwemiqolo.
aEkhohlo, umthi weSpecies ubonisa indalo ezimeleyo yespines kumaseahorses.Ubude besebe bubonisa inani lokutshintshwa kwesayithi nganye.Iintlobo ezine ze-spiny seahorse ziphawulwe ngombala oblowu.Amasebe ashinyeneyo ahambelana namazinga aphezulu e-nonsynonymous-to-synonymous substitutions (dN/dS) ye-bmp3 gene.Uvavanyo lweCanonical kunye nolweJreitman lweMcDonald kunye noKreitman (MKT) lwe-bmp3 yofuzo lwenziwe kwiintlobo ezintathu zoodade abahlukeneyo kunye neempawu ezahlukeneyo zespiny nezingeyospiny eziphawulwe ngemibala yangasemva, emanqanaba okubaluleka abonakaliswe ngexabiso le-p kunye nefonti eluhlaza kunye nebomvu, ngokulandelelana.Ekunene, ukuthelekiswa kwe-amino acid substitutions kwi-protein ye-bmp3, i-polymorphic kunye nokutshintshwa okusisigxina kwi-spiny seahorses kuboniswa ngezangqa ezibomvu kunye ne-blue, ngokulandelanayo.b Ukusasazwa kwamaxabiso e-dN/dS kwi-bmp3 kuma-spiny seahorses xa kuthelekiswa neentlobo ezingezospiny.c Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okuzimeleyo kumthi wephylogenetic owakhelwe ngokutsha iprotein ekhowudwe yibmp3.d I-Whole-mount in situ hybridization ye-bmp3 e-Hippocampus erectus.
Isalathiso
Li C et al.Ulandelelwano lwe-Genome lutyhila iindlela zokusasazeka kwehlabathi kwaye zicebisa ulungelelwaniso lwemfuzo oluguqukayo kwi-evolution ye-seahorse.Nat Commun.2021 Feb 17;12(1):1094.
Iindaba neembalasane ijolise ekwabelaneni ngamatyala aphumeleleyo amva nje kunye neBiomarker Technologies, ukubamba impumelelo yesayensi enoveli kunye nobuchule obubalaseleyo obusetyenzisiweyo ngexesha lokufunda.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-06-2022