I-GENOME EVOLUTION, i-PANGENOME
Iyini i-Pan-genome?
Ubufakazi obuqoqiwe bubonisa ukuthi umehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlobo zezilwane ungaba mkhulu.I-genome eyodwa akwanele ukuzuza lonke ulwazi lwezakhi zofuzo zohlobo olulodwa.Inhloso yocwaningo lwe-Pan-genome ukuthola igrafu yofuzo ebanzi yohlobo oluthile futhi kunqunywe ubudlelwano phakathi kwezici namakhodi ofuzo ngokwenza ukuhlanganiswa kwe-genome de novo kwezinhlobo eziningi, okuvumela ukumba okujulile nokubanzi kokuhlukahluka.
Amathrendi e-Pan-genome Study
Umfanekiso 1 Izitayela zamaphepha ocwaningo ashicilelwe e-Pan-genome.
Qaphela: Isibalo sibonisa umphumela wokuthatha okuthi “pan-genome” njengegama eliyisihluthulelo lokusesha izihloko zama-athikili ashicilelwe kumajenali ochungechunge lweMvelo, Iseli kanye neSayensi.
a.Ukufundwa kwamasampula amaningi kuqondaniswe nereferensi futhi okungaqondile kuhlanganiswe kube ama-contigs anoveli.Ngokungeza lawa ma-contig anoveli ekulandeleni kwereferensi kwasekuqaleni, kungakhiwa ireferensi ye-pangenome.Izifunda ezingasebenziseka zinqunywa ngokusekelwe ekwenziweni kwemephu konke okufundwayo kubuyiselwe ku-pangenome.
b.Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-De novo yama-genomes of accessions amaningi kuvumela izindlela eziphelele zokuqondanisa i-genome ukuhlonza izifunda ze-genomic ezingasebenziseka.
c.Igrafu ye-pan-genome ingakhiwa ngokuqondanisa kwegenome lonke noma ngokuhlanganisa igrafu ye-de novo, egcina kahle ulwazi oluhlukile lwezifunda ezingasebenziseka njengezindlela ezihlukile kugrafu.
Indlela yokwakha i-pan-genome?
Umfanekiso 2 Ukuqhathaniswa kwezindlela ze-pan-genome1
a.Ukufundwa kwamasampula amaningi kuqondaniswe nereferensi futhi okungaqondile kuhlanganiswe kube ama-contigs anoveli.Ngokungeza lawa ma-contig anoveli ekulandeleni kwereferensi kwasekuqaleni, kungakhiwa ireferensi ye-pangenome.Izifunda ezingasebenziseka zinqunywa ngokusekelwe ekwenziweni kwemephu konke okufundwayo kubuyiselwe ku-pangenome.
b.Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-De novo yama-genomes of accessions amaningi kuvumela izindlela eziphelele zokuqondanisa i-genome ukuhlonza izifunda ze-genomic ezingasebenziseka.
c.Igrafu ye-pan-genome ingakhiwa ngokuqondanisa kwegenome lonke noma ngokuhlanganisa igrafu ye-de novo, egcina kahle ulwazi oluhlukile lwezifunda ezingasebenziseka njengezindlela ezihlukile kugrafu.
Ama-Pan-genomes asanda Kushicilelwa
● Rape pan-genomes2
● Ama-pan-genome katamatisi 3
● I-Rice Pan -genome4
● I-sunflower Pan-genome5
● I-Pan-genome yesoya 6
● I-Rice Pan-genome7
● I-Barley Pan-genome8
● I-Wheat Pan-genome9
● Amabele I-Pan-genome10
● I-Phytoplankton Pan-genome11
Ireferensi
1. I-Bayer PE, i-Golicz AA, i-Scheben A, i-Batley J, i-Edward D. I-pan-genome yezitshalo iyinkomba entsha.Izitshalo zeNat.2020;6(8):914-920.doi:10.1038/s41477-020-0733-0
2. Ingoma ethi JM, Guan Z, Hu J, et al.Ama-genomes ekhwalithi ephezulu ayisishiyagalombili aveza i-pan-genome architecture kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwe-ecotype ye-Brassica napus.Izitshalo zeNat.2020;6(1):34-45.doi:10.1038/s41477-019-0577-7
3. Gao L, Gonda I, Sun H, et al.I-tomato pan-genome yembula izakhi zofuzo ezintsha kanye ne-allele engavamile elawula ukunambitheka kwesithelo.Nathi Genet.2019;51(6):1044-1051.doi:10.1038/s41588-019-0410-2
4. Zhao Q, Feng Q, Lu H, et al.Ukuhlaziywa kwe-pan-genome kugqamisa izinga lokuhlukahluka kwe-genomic erayisini elilinyiwe nelasendle [ukulungiswa okushicilelwe kuvela ku-Nat Genet.2018 Aug;50(8):1196].Nathi Genet.2018;50(2):278-284.doi:10.1038/s41588-018-0041-z
5. Hübner S, Bercovich N, Todesco M, et al.Ukuhlaziywa kwe-sunflower pan-genome kubonisa ukuthi ukuxutshwa kwashintsha okuqukethwe kofuzo kanye nokumelana nezifo.Izitshalo zeNat.2019;5(1):54-62.doi:10.1038/s41477-018-0329-0
6. U-Liu Y, uDu H, u-Li P, nabanye.I-Pan-Genome Yobhontshisi Wesoya Wasendle Nawulinyiwe.Iseli.2020;182(1):162-176.e13.doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.023
7. Qin P, Lu H, Du H, et al.Ukuhlaziywa kwe-pan-genome kokutholakala kwerayisi okuhlukahlukene okungu-33 kwembula ukuhluka okufihliwe kwe-genomic [okushicilelwe ku-inthanethi ngaphambi kokuphrinta, 2021 May 25].Iseli.2021;S0092-8674(21)00581-X.doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.04.046
8. Jayakodi M, Padmarasu S, Haberer G, et al.I-pan-genome yebhali iveza ifa elifihliwe lokuzalanisa izakhi zofuzo.Imvelo.2020;588(7837):284-289.doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2947-8
9. Walkowiak S, Gao L, Monat C, et al.Ama-genome kakolweni amaningi aveza ukuhlukahluka komhlaba wonke ekuzaleni kwesimanje.Imvelo.2020;588(7837):277-283.doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2961-x
10. Tao Y, Luo H, Xu J, et al.Ukwehluka okubanzi ngaphakathi kwe-pan-genome yamabele atshaliwe futhi asendle [eshicilelwe ku-inthanethi ngaphambi kokuphrinta, 2021 May 20].Izitshalo zeNat.2021;10.1038 / s41477-021-00925-x.doi:10.1038/s41477-021-00925-x
11. Umlandeli X, Qiu H, Han W, et al.I-Phytoplankton pangenome yembula ukudluliswa kwezakhi zofuzo ezivundlile ze-prokaryotic zemisebenzi eyahlukene.I-Sci Adv.2020;6(18):eaba0111.Kushicilelwe 2020 Ephreli 29. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aba0111
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-04-2022